Résumé

Background and Objective: Severe anemic malaria is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in endemic regions. We described clinical features, management, and outcome predictors among children hospitalized with severe anemic malaria. Methodology: We conducted a prospective study of 249 children admitted to Matameye Hospital from August 25 to November 30, 2025. Clinical, laboratory, and treatment data were collected, and outcomes were analyzed. Results: The mean age was 4.1 years, and two-thirds were under 5 years. Vomiting, convulsions, and dyspnea were common. All patients presented with severe anemia, accompanied by frequent thrombocytopenia and hemoglobinuria. Artesunate therapy was universal, and 98.8% received transfusion. Mortality was 5.2%. Univariate analysis linked convulsions, dyspnea, coma, oxygen therapy, anticonvulsant treatment and adrenaline with mortality; multivariate analysis identified dyspnea, convulsions, anticonvulsant, and adrenaline as predictors of favorable outcomes. Conclusion: Early detection of severe signs and rapid supportive care are critical to improve survival.

Mot-clés :

Malaria, Anemia, Mortality